Gas fire suppression is a term used to describe the use of inert gases and chemical agents to extinguish the fire. Also called a clean agent fire suppression. This agent is governed by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standards for Fire Clean Agency System - NFPA 2001 in the US, with different standards and regulations elsewhere in the world. The system usually consists of agents, agent storage containers, agent release valves, fire detectors, fire detection systems (cable control panel, actuation signaling), agent delivery pipes, and agent dispersion nozzles. Less typically, agents can be delivered through a solid propellant gas generator that produces an inert gas or is chemically active.
Video Gaseous fire suppression
Theory
There are four ways that agents use to extinguish the fire. They act on "tetiriedron api":
- Reduction or fuel isolation. No agent currently uses this as a primary means of fire suppression.
- Reduction of heat. Agent representative: Clean agent FS 49 C2 (NAF S 227, MH227, FM-200), Novec 1230, pentafluoroethane (NAF S125, ECARO-25).
- Reduction or oxygen isolation: Agent representative: Argonite/IG-55 (ProInert), CO 2 carbon dioxide, IG-541 Inergen, and IG-100 (NN100).
- Inhibits the chain reaction of components above. Agent representative: FE-13, 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane, FE-25, haloalkanes, bromotrifluoromethane, trifluoroiodomethane, NAF P-IV, NAF S-III, NAF S 125, NAF S 227 , and Triodide (Trifluoroiodomethane).
Maps Gaseous fire suppression
Apps
Broadly speaking, there are two methods for implementing an extinguishing agent: total flood and local application:
- Systems working on the principle of total floods apply extinguishing agent to a three-dimensional closed space to achieve an adequate concentration of agents (volume percent of air agents) to extinguish the fire. This type of system can be operated automatically with associated detection and control or manually with the operation of the system actuator.
- A system that works based on local application principles applies an extinguishing agent directly to a fire (usually a two-dimensional area), or into a three-dimensional region that directly surrounds a burning substance or object. The main difference in the local application of the total flood design is the absence of physical obstacles surrounding the fire chamber.
In the context of automatic shutdown systems, local applications generally refer to the use of systems that have been released several times before their use rather than the use of manual or manually operated manual fire extinguishers, although the nature of similar agent shipments and many automated systems can also be manually enabled. The lines are somewhat blurred with a portable auto extinguishing system, although this is not common.
Security precautions
Suffocation
The blackout system based primarily on inert gas in enclosed spaces presents the risk of suffocation. Several incidents have occurred where individuals in these spaces have been killed by the release of carbon dioxide agents. When installed in accordance with the fire code, the system has an excellent security record. To prevent such occurrences, additional life-safety systems are usually installed with warning alarms that precede the release of the agent. Warnings, usually audible and visible warnings, suggest direct evacuation of enclosed spaces. After the set time, the agent starts to quit. Accidents also occur during the maintenance of this system, so proper precautions must be taken first.
Barotrauma
Barotrauma is physical damage to body tissues caused by differences in pressure between the gas chambers inside, or contact with the body, and the surrounding environment. The positive pressure caused by these gases may be enough to break windows and walls. Humans and structures should be adequately protected and ventilation/blow-off should be considered when designing the system.
See also
- Fire protection
- Hypoxic air technology for fire prevention
References
External links
- Fire Suppression Systems Association
- National Fire Protection Association
- EPA Study of CO 2 System Security
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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