RMS Queen Mary 2 (also called QM2 ) is a transatlantic ship. He is the largest passenger vessel built for the British Cunard Line since Queen Elizabeth 2 in 1969, his ship succeeded as a line-up.
The new ship was named Queen Mary II in 2004 after RMSÃ, first Queen Mary in 1936. Queen Mary was in turn named after Mary of Teck, empress of King George V. With his retirement Queen Elizabeth 2 in 2008, Queen Mary 2 is the only transatlantic sea liner on lane service between Southampton, England and New York City, New York, operates for part of every year. This vessel is also used for sailing, including annual world cruises.
He was designed in 2003 by a team of British naval architects led by Stephen Payne, and built in France by Chantiers de l'Atlantique. At the time of construction, Queen Mary 2 held the difference as the longest, with 1,131.99 feet (345.03 m), and the largest, with gross tonnage 148,528 GT, the existing passenger vessel. built in. He no longer holds this distinction after the construction of Royal Caribbean International 154,407 GT Freedom of the Seas in April 2006, but remains the largest ship ever constructed.
Queen Mary 2 is intended for routine crossings in the Atlantic Ocean, and is therefore designed differently from many other passenger ships. The final cost of the liner is about $ 300,000 US per place. The cost is enhanced with high material quality, and has been designed as a marine vessel, it requires 40% more steel than a standard cruise liner. Queen Mary 2 has a maximum speed of more than 30 knots (56 km/h, 35 mph) and a cruising speed of 26 knots (48 km/h, 30 mph), much faster than the contemporary yacht. Instead of the diesel-electric configuration found on many ships, Queen Mary 2 uses an integrated electric drive to reach its top speed. Diesel engines, coupled with gas turbines, are used to generate electricity for electric motors for propulsion and for on-board use.
Some of the facilities of Queen Mary 2 include fifteen restaurants and bars, five swimming pools, a casino, ballroom, theater and the first planetarium at sea.
Video RMS Queen Mary 2
Characteristics
Queen Mary 2 is the flagship of the Cunard Line. The ship was built to substitute the aging of Queen Elizabeth 2, the Cunard ship from 1969 to 2004 and the last major ship built before the construction of Queen Mary 2 . Queen Mary 2 has a Royal Mail Ship (RMS) title given to him by Royal Mail when the ship entered service in 2004 on the Southampton route to New York, as a gesture for Cunard's history.
Queen Mary 2 is not a steamship like most of its predecessors, but powered mainly by four diesel engines, with two additional gas turbines used when extra power is required; this integrated electric propulsion configuration is used to generate power to drive the four pods of electric drive and drive the hotel services of the ship. Space for this prime mover is also shared, and control is also supported, with the aim of preventing a single failure from disabling the ship.
Like his predecessor Queen Elizabeth 2 he was built to cross the Atlantic Ocean, and also regularly used for sailing. In winter he sailed from New York to the Caribbean on a twelve or thirteen day tour. Queen Mary 2 's 30-knots (56Ã, km/h; 35 mph) open sea velocity set of boats regardless of yacht, such as MSÃ, Oasis of the Seas , which has a service speed of 22.6 knots (41.9 km/h; 26.0 mph); QM2 's normal service speed is 26 knots (48 km/h, 30 mph). While the hull of a yacht will usually have a block coefficient of 0.73 (1.0 will represent rectangular blocks) Queen Mary 2 is smoother, with a block coefficient of 0.61.
Maps RMS Queen Mary 2
Design and construction
Cunard completed the design for a new class of 84,000 GT, 2,000 passenger liners on June 8, 1998, but revised it after comparing the specs with the Carnival Cruise Line cruises at 100,000 GT Destiny and Royal Caribbean. International Class 137,276Ã, GT Voyager .
In December 1998, Cunard released details of Project Queen Mary , a project to develop a liner that would complement Queen Elizabeth 2 . Harland and Wolff from Northern Ireland, Aker KvÃÆ'Â|rner from Norway, Fincantieri of Italy, Meyer Werft of Germany, and Chantiers de l'Atlantique from France were invited to bid on the project. The contract was finally signed with Chantiers de l'Atlantique, a subsidiary of Alstom, on November 6, 2000. This is the same page that built former rivals Cunard, SSÃ, Normandie and SSÃ, France from Compagnie GÃÆ' Â © nale Transatlantique.
The toss was set on July 4, 2002, at a construction pier in Saint-Nazaire, France, with a hull number G32 . About 3,000 craftsmen spend about eight million hours on board, and about 20,000 people are directly or indirectly involved in the design, construction and installation. In total, 300,000 pieces of steel are assembled into 94 "blocks" of dry dock, which are then stacked and welded together to complete the hull and superstructure. After flying on March 21, 2003, QM2 was installed in a large basin outlet ("Bassin C"), the first ship to use this large dry dock since the shipyard built a large tanker in the 1970s, such as MV Gastor.. The sea trials were conducted between September 25-29 and November 7-11, 2003, between Saint-Nazaire and the offshore island ÃÆ'Žle d'Yeu and Belle-ÃÆ'Žle. The final phase of construction was damaged by a fatal accident on November 15, 2003, when an alley collapsed under a group of shipyard workers and their families who were invited to visit the ship. In total, 32 people were injured and 16 killed, after falling 15 meters (49 ft) into the drydock.
Construction finished on schedule. Cunard took delivery in Southampton, England, on December 26, 2003. On January 8, 2004, the liner was officially named by Queen Elizabeth II.
Exterior
Queen Mary 2 's major naval architect is Carnival's home designer, Stephen Payne. Payne intends many aspects of ship design to resemble important aspects of former ships, such as Queen Elizabeth 2 and the predecessor of the Queen Mary vessel . These features include three thick black lines that wrap around the two sides of the ship's bridge screen, and at the tip of the stern of the superstructure, which reminds the crossover appearance of the front deck on the first Queen Mary .
Queen Mary 2 has 14,164 square meters (152,460.0 sqÃ, ft) of exterior deck space, with a windscreen to protect passengers while the ship is moving at high speed. Three of the four pools outside. One of the pools on Dec 12 is covered with a magrodome that can be opened. The indoor pool is on Dec 7, at the Canyon Ranch Spa Club.
Likewise with liners like RMSÃ, Queen Mary , there is a continuous circular walking deck on Dec. 7. The pedestrian area passes behind the bridge screen and allows passengers to completely surround the deck while protected from the strong. wind generated by the ship at speed. One promenade circuit is a distance of 620 m (2,030 ft). The flanking promenade is made by the need to step over the top building, to allow room for the lifeboat. With SOLAS standards, the lifeboats should be lower on the hull (15 m (49 ft) above the surface) but for the appearance of Queen Mary 2 and to avoid the danger of the North Atlantic waves that damage the boat in a storm, Payne convinced SOLAS officials to exclude Queen Mary 2 from this requirement, and the boat was 25 m (82 ft) above the waterline.
Payne's initial intention was to create a stern vessel profile with a spoon shape, similar to that of most previous marine liners, but the installation of propeller pods requires flat transoms. The compromise is the Constanzi stadium - a combination of the two. The final design is agreed, as the stern Constanzi provides the necessary transomes for the azimuth pod propulsor, and provides better seaholding characteristics in the following wave of stern stern standards. As with many modern vessels, both passengers and cargo, Queen Mary 2 has a round arc to reduce obstacles and thereby increase the speed, range, and fuel efficiency.
While the design is similar to Queen Elizabeth 2, the Queen Mary 2 funnel has a slightly different shape, because the higher funnel will make it impossible for the ship to pass under the Verrazano Bridge -Narrows in New York City at high tide. The final design allows a minimum of 13 feet (4.0 m) permit under the bridge.
Because Queen Mary 2 is too large to dock in many ports, passengers are transported to and from ships in tenders, which can be used as lifeboats in an emergency. It is stored while at sea in the valley along the lifeboat. To transport passengers to the beach, the tender draws to one of four loading stations, each of which has a large open hydraulic open gate to form a dormitory platform, complete with fences and decking.
Queen Mary 2 is a post-Panamax ship. As a result, Queen Mary 2 has to circumnavigate South America to cross the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The decision not to limit its altitude to transit the Panama Canal was taken because Queen Elizabeth 2 only transits once a year, during world voyages. Cunard decides to skip the comfort of a certain section that supports a larger passenger capacity.
Interior
As with many modern passenger ships, many of the main public spaces on board the Queen Mary 2 ship are on the lowest public deck of the ship, with passenger cabins piled on top. This is the opposite of traditional practice on marine coatings, but the design allows larger rooms to be inside stronger hulls, as well as for more passenger cabins to have higher private balconies on board, where they are less affected by the waves big. Payne attempted to make the central axle into two decks of the main public space (similar in fashion to Normandie ), but the full vista was broken by the various public spaces that covered the entire ship's beam. The dining room is placed further, though not directly at the stern, where the front and back ships are most visible, and may cause discomfort for the passengers eating.
Deck 2, the lowest passenger deck, contains theater Illumination, cinema and planetarium (the first at sea); Theater Royal Court; Large Lobby; "Casino of the Empire"; "Golden Lion Pub"; and a lower level of "Britannia Restaurant". Deck 3 holds top levels of "Illumination", "Theater Royal Court" and "Britannia Restaurant", as well as a small shopping center, "Veuve Cliquot champagne bar", "Chart Room", "Sir Samuel" wine bar, "Queen's Room", and "G32" Nightclub. Other major public decks are Deck 7, which is the "Canyon Ranch Spa", "Carinthia Lounge", "King's Court", "Queen's Grill Lounge", and the "Queen's Grill" and "Princess Grill" restaurants for higher meals. passenger -fare. The public spaces on Dec. 8 include ÃÆ' la carte "Verandah Restaurant", a library of 8,000 volumes (the largest of all cruise ships), bookstores, and the top of Canyon Ranch Spa. Also on the 8th Deck is a large swimming pool and a terrace at the stern. The enclosure, located on the right side of Deck 12, is only available for transatlantic crossings. They can accommodate up to twelve dogs and cats in six small cages and six large.
The King's Court area on the ship is open twenty-four hours a day, serving as a buffet restaurant for breakfast and lunch. The whole space is divided into four, with each section decorated according to the theme of four separate alternative eating places "made" every night through lighting, cutlery and menus: Lotus, which specializes in Asian cuisine; Carvery, an English-style grille; La Piazza, with Italian food; and Chef's Galley, which offers an interactive experience for preparing meals.
The arrangements of feeding passengers on board are determined by the type of accommodation in which they choose to travel. Approximately 85% of passengers are in class Britannia , and therefore, eat in the main restaurant. However, passengers can choose to upgrade to a "junior suite", and dine in "Princess Grill", or suite, and eat at "Queens Grill". Those in the last two categories are grouped together by Cunard as "Passenger Grill", and they are allowed to use the "Queens' Grill Lounge" and private outdoor area on the 11th deck with its own whirlpool. This feature is also present in both Queen Victoria and Queen Elizabeth . However, all other public areas can be used by all passengers.
As Britannia Restaurant takes the full width of the ship on two decks, the 'tween deck, called Deck 3L', is designed to allow passengers to walk from the Grand Lobby to the Queen's Room without crossing the dining room in the middle of a meal. The deck consists of two corridors that run under the upper balcony of the restaurant on Dec 3, and above the main dining area on Deck 2. This is why the Britannia balconies have a level that is stepping toward the stomach. This arrangement is illustrated in the hull where there is a stack of three rows of windows in the area where the main restaurant sits, the top two and the bottom rows illuminate the dining room, while the middle row serves Deck 3L. There is a similar arrangement through the Royal Court Theater. In addition, the sections that run on both sides of Illumination on Deck 3 up the stairs to compensate for the height of the deck change between the entrance to the Illumination and a bank elevator to the front of the room.
More than 5000 works of art are commissioned in public rooms, corridors, staterooms and lobbies, built by 128 artists from sixteen different countries. The two most famous sections are the Barbara Broekman rugs, an abstract depiction of ships, bridges, and New York sky that stretch as high as the Britannia Restaurant, and the bronze relief paintings of British sculptor John McKenna in the Grand Lobby, a 7 m square portrait of the ship made with bronze inspired by the Art Deco mural in the main dining room of the original Queen Mary .
2016 reboot
In July 2015, Cunard announced plans for a month-long Queen Mary 2 repairs at Blohm Voss Shipyard in Germany in late May and June 2016. Major changes include the addition of fifteen individual staterooms, which will be the first in ships, thirty additional cabins, and ten more animal cages.
Technical
Power plant and propulsion system
Queen Mary 2 's power plant consists of four sixteen cylinders WÃÆ'¤rtsilÃÆ'¤ 16V46CR EnviroEngine marine diesel engine, generating a combined 67,200 kW (90,100 hp) at 514 rpm, and two General Electric LM2500 gas turbines, which together provide 50,000 kW further (67,000 hp), all of which are converted into electricity used to drive an electric motor that drives the propeller. Such arrangements, known as integrated electric propulsion (IEP), provide economical shipping at low speeds combined with the ability to maintain a much higher speed when required, and have been common in naval vessels for some time. While Queen Mary 2 was the first passenger vessel to feature IEP propulsion, the first major passenger vessel powered by a gas turbine was Finnjet Finnjet's Finnjet ferry in 1977.
This impetus is provided by four units of podrus-powered Rolls-Royce Mermaid azimuth propeller type, each featuring one forward-facing low vibration propeller with a separate membrane propeller. The forward propeller pair is fixed, but the rear pair can rotate through 360 °, eliminating the need for steering. Queen Mary 2 was the first quadruple propeller ship to be completed from SS France in 1961. Queen Mary 2 brought eight spare knives to foredeck, straight ahead of the bridge screen.
Since the Queen Mary 2 propulsion engine is electrically separated from its propellers, its propulsion arrangement may be more accurately described as "CODLAG electric" (by analogy with turbo-electric and diesel-electric); But "integrated electric propulsion" is an art term. The diesel and gas turbine engines drive an electric generator, which provides power to drive four 21,500 kW (28,800 hp) Alstom electric motors located within propulsion (and thus entirely outside the ship's hull). Incredibly, the Queen Mary 2 'gas turbine is not placed along with the diesel engine in the engine room away in its stomach, but instead is in a soundproof enclosure just below the funnel. This arrangement allows ship designers to supply oxygen-hungry turbines with air intakes without having to run the ship's altitude air channel, which will dump valuable interior space.
In addition to the main drivers, the ship is also equipped with three arc boosters, with a power output of 3.2MW each. This allows the ship to change its own length while in port, to perform more complex docking maneuvers.
Queen Mary 2 has a state-of-the-art navigation system designed by British company Kelvin Hughes, meeting and exceeding all rules of the International Maritime Organization. The system consists of six radar navigation scanners and eight multifunctional display units. The system includes the latest generation of Electronic Display and Information Systems (ECDIS), enabling completely paperless navigation and redundancy operations.
Queen Mary 2 fitted with SharpEye "Kelvin Hughes" radar scanner.
Water supply
Freshwater aboard the Queen Mary 2 is supplied by three seawater desalination installations. Plants, each with a capacity of 630,000 liters (170,000 US gal) per day, use some filtering effect plate technology (MEP). Plant energy is provided primarily by steam and cooling water from gas turbine vessels and diesel engines, or if required by steam from two boiler-fired boats. The traditional multi-effect distillation technology has been upgraded to ship mills, resulting in reduced plate scale, greatly reducing required maintenance. Dedeidinated water has a very low salt content, less than five parts per million. The average total water production is 1,100,000 liters (290,000 US gal) per day with a capacity of 1,890,000 liters (500,000 US) so there is plenty of spare capacity. Ships can be easily supplied by only two of the three factories. The drinking water tank has a capacity of 3,830,000 liters (1,010,000 US), enough for more than three days of supply. If the engine is running at low loads (when the ship is running at a slow speed) the engine coolant temperature of the engine jacket is insufficient to heat the seawater to run the desalination plant. In this case the steam from an oil-fired boiler is used to heat seawater. This is not economical because it produces expensive steam. It may be cheaper, therefore, to buy water at a particular port rather than producing it on board. Sea water intakes are located on the hull of the ship. The concentrated salt (salt water) solution is discharged into the sea closer to the stern of the vessel along with the cooling water from the engine. An additional factory was added during 2016 refit.
Service history
On January 12, 2004 Queen Mary 2 sailed on her maiden voyage from Southampton, England, to Fort Lauderdale, Florida, in the United States, carrying 2,620 passengers. He was under the command of captain Ronald Warwick, who had previously commanded Queen Elizabeth 2 . Warwick is the son of William (Bill) Warwick, who was also a senior officer of Cunard and the first captain of Queen Elizabeth 2 . The ship returned to Southampton late from its maiden voyage after a bow door that covered the plunger failed to close in Portugal.
During the 2004 Summer Olympics Queen Mary 2 sailed to Athens and anchored in Piraeus for two weeks to serve as a floating hotel, serving British Prime Minister Tony Blair and his wife Cherie, French President Jacques Chirac, then President of the United States George W. Bush, and the United States Olympic basketball team. According to Cunard, Queen Mary 2 passengers also include jazz musician Dave Brubeck and singers Rod Stewart, Carly Simon, and James Taylor.
One of the transatlantic transports in 2005 saw Queen Mary 2 carrying, in the locked steamer trunk, the first copy of JK Rowling's book in the United States of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince was signed by the author. In a promotional press release for the event, Cunard said that this marks the first time a book has been transported to its international launch aboard a ship.
In January 2006 Queen Mary 2 embarked on a journey around South America. After the departure of Fort Lauderdale, one of his propeller pods was damaged when it hit the channel wall, forcing the ship to sail at a reduced pace, resulting in Commodore Warwick's decision to pass several calls on a voyage to Rio de Janeiro. Many passengers threatened to protest because of missed calls, before Cunard offered a refund of shipping fees. Queen Mary 2 continues to operate at reduced service speeds and some changes to travel plans are required until repairs are completed after the ship returns to Europe in June, where Queen Mary 2 paid visits to dry dock and broken vane pod not lifted. In November, Queen Mary 2 was dried once more at the Blohm Voss yard in Hamburg (Elbe 17 drydock) for repairs of repaired rotor blades. At the same time, the sprinkler system is installed on all vessel balconies to comply with the new safety regulations that came into effect since the Star Princess fires. In addition, the two wing bridges are extended to two meters to increase visibility.
After completing a South American tour, on February 23, 2006, Queen Mary 2 met her name, the original RMS Queen Mary , permanently installed in Long Beach, California. Escorted by a smaller fleet of vessels, the two Queens redeemed "whistle-whistles" that were heard throughout Long Beach town. Queen Mary 2 meets the others serving Cunard Queen Victoria and Queen Elizabeth 2 on January 13, 2008 near the Statue of Liberty at New York City harbor, with a celebratory fireworks show; Queen Elizabeth 2 and Queen Victoria make the Atlantic tandem junction for the meeting. This marks the first time three Cunard Queens have been present at the same location. Cunard said it would be the last time the three vessels would meet, because Queen Elizabeth 2 would retire from service by the end of 2008. But this would prove to be unlikely, because the third Queens > met in Southampton on April 22, 2008. Queen Mary 2 met with Queen Elizabeth 2 in Dubai on Saturday 21st March 2009, after the last ship retired, while the two boats were docked at Port Rashid. With the withdrawal of Queen Elizabeth 2 from Cunard's fleet and dock in Dubai, Queen Mary 2 became the only remaining marine vessel in active passenger service.
On August 3, 2007, three people were stopped by police while escorting and driving a replica of the first American combat submarine within 200 feet (61 m) of Queen Mary 2, then anchored at the cruise terminal terminal at Red Hook, Brooklyn. This replica was made by New York artist Philip "Duke" Riley and two out-of-town residents, one of whom claimed to be the descendant of David Bushnell, who had created it. The Coast Guard issued Riley a quote for having an unsafe ship, and for violating the security zone around Queen Mary 2 . On October 19, 2011, Queen Mary 2 had her registration changed to Hamilton, Bermuda, from her previous home port in Southampton, to allow the ship to host an on-board wedding. It marks the first time in its 171-year history that Cunard does not have a registered ship in Britain. Bermuda is a member of the Red Ensign Group and the ship continues to fly Ensign Red indefinitely rather than Red Ensign Red.
Sailing world
On January 10, 2007, Queen Mary 2 embarked on her first world voyage, circling the world in 81 days. On February 20, he met his colleague, Queen Elizabeth 2, also on the 2007 world cruise, in the Sydney harbor. This is the first time two Cunard Queens have been together in Sydney since the original Queen Mary and Queen Elizabeth served as a troop ship in 1941. Although Time early arrival 5:42 am, the presence of Queen Mary 2 has attracted many audiences so the Sydney Harbor Bridge and Anzac Bridge are blocked. With 1,600 passengers abandoning ships in Sydney, Cunard estimates a stopover injected more than $ 3 million into the local economy.
On January 10, 2012, the ship embarked on a three-month world voyage from Southampton, traveled south and then east around Africa, the first Australian tour, to Japan, then back to Southampton along the southern coastline of Eurasia and via Suez Kanal.
Anniversary voyage
In October 2009, Queen Mary 2 celebrated her fifth year in service with an 8-night cruise around the British Isles. The cruise included a girls visit to Greenock and Liverpool.
Boston Cup
Brought to ship Queen Mary 2 is the Boston Cup. Sometimes referred to as the
In July 2007 the National Geographic Channel broadcast the episode of the Megastuctures documentary series on Queen Mary 2 . The ship was also featured in the pilot episode of the TV series Mighty Ships documentary.
Propulsion failure
The Rolls-Royce Mermaid propulsion pod that comes with QM2 has proven to be vulnerable to failure. Failure has been so frequent and widespread that Carnival Corp., through its Cunard Line division, has taken Rolls-Royce Corp. to court in the United States in January 2009. The line alleges that the Mermaid propulsion pod system mounted on the flagship Cunard Line Queen Mary 2 is inherently flawed in the design. Cunard argues that Rolls Royce knows about design flaws and deliberately plotting to mislead, deceive and cheat in the process of winning contracts. The Achilles heel of the design has become a large thrust motor bearing, which continues to show a tendency to fail even after many redesign attempts. In January 2011 Carnival Corporation was awarded US $ 24 million (approximately £ 15 million UK at the time of the verdict) by a US court due to repeated failures of propulsors.
Cunard Royal Rendezvous
Two years after the first Cunard Royal Rendezvous on the same date Queen Mary 2 met with Queen Victoria and new Ms. Queen Elizabeth for the other Royal Rendezvous in New York City on January 13, 2011. Queen Victoria and Queen Elizabeth made the Atlantic tandem junction for the event. The three boats meet in front of the Statue of Liberty at 6:45 pm for the Grucci fireworks. The Empire State building is red to mark the event.
On June 5, 2012, the three Queens meet again, but this time in Southampton to celebrate Diamond Jubilee from Queen Elizabeth II.
Atlantic rowing
Queen Mary 2 has met the ocean rowing team in the middle of the Atlantic. On July 30, 2010 he met with Artemis Investments , whose rowing crew is Don Lennox, Livar Nysted, Ray Carroll, Leven Brown. Carroll is a former engineer and patched over the marine VHF radio and tannoy system QM2 to talk to the captain and crew. On September 26, 2013 Queen Mary 2 repackaged MylÃÆ'¨ne Paquette's solo powers and Vesselnya Hermel with replacement satellite phones, drogue trackers and groceries. Queen Mary 2 changed its path by 20 degrees and only added 14 miles to the overall crossing distance.
Atlantic rescue
In June 2017, the ship came to the rescue of another sailor, former Marine Mariner Kelvin Mervyn Wheatley who had difficulty taking part in the trans-Atlantic race. British and Canadian coast guards coordinate long-distance rescue. The rescue involved Royal Air Force Hercules aircraft after they detected the flare of Wheatley's suffering.
Machine fire
A small fire occurred in the engine room of the gas turbine (located high on the ship behind the Queen Mary 2 sign) on the night of October 5, 2011. The fire started in one of the ship's gas turbines. No injuries were reported, and the crew on board safely extinguished the fire.
Factory incident
On September 23, 2010, an incident occurred in the Queen Mary 2 'harmonic filter room . This resulted in the closure of all four driving motors and the loss of electrical power throughout the vessel. Within an hour, the ship's main generator is restarted and the ship can continue its journey. Subsequent investigations found that the explosion was caused by an electric arc in the rear harmonic filter that triggered leakage of leaky dielectric vapors.
200 transatlantic cruises
On July 6, 2013 Queen Mary 2 departs New York en route to Southampton on his 200th transatlantic journey. On the speaker board is Stephen Payne OBE - ship designer - and presenter and newsreader Nick Owen, who presents talks about ship design.
10th birthday celebration
On May 6, 2014, the three Queen met for the first time in Lisbon, Portugal. Three boats sailed parallel to each other from Lisbon to Southampton. On May 9, 2014 Queen Elizabeth and Queen Victoria led Queen Mary 2 up the Southampton channel where they anchored in the formation at the QEII terminal and repeated year to Queen Mary 2 . The memorial included a tour of the ship by His Royal Highness Duke of Edinburgh.
Cakard's 175th birthday
On May 25, 2015, the three Queens meet, again, in Liverpool, to celebrate the 175th anniversary of the cruise line. Upon arriving in Liverpool the previous day, Queen Mary 2 made a short trip to the entrance of the Mersey River to greet both fleets to the harbor in the afternoon. Three Cunarders then set sail, in formation, heading for Liverpool. The ship spent several hours together, before the departure of Queen Mary 2 to Saint Peter Port, Guernsey.
On July 2, 2015, Queen Mary 2 started 175th Anniversary Crossing in Southampton. He sailed first to Liverpool, leaving the city after a fireworks show on July 4th, the actual anniversary date of Cunard's first transatlantic trip. Queen Mary 2 follows the original ship route Britannia , calling first in Halifax, Nova Scotia. After a day there, he headed upriver to the harbor, using his impetus and swivel-pod motor to negotiate a tight turnaround to get back down near the city. The 21-gun salute and bagpipe band honor the ship.
From Halifax, the ship sails to Boston and is there for a full day at the cruise terminal. (Boston was the original crossing terminus in 1840.) In the evening, the captain supported the ship out of the skid and kept retreating to the Maritime History Museum, where the fireworks show was presented before Queen Mary 2 sailed away. After a night and day at sea, the ship entered New York Harbor on the morning of July 14 and anchored at the Brooklyn Cruise Terminal. Then at night the ship sails to the lower port, between the Statue of Liberty and the Battery, for Forever Cunard Queen Mary 2 Light Show.
Environmental performance
When designing Queen Mary 2, designers aim to reduce the impact of ships on the environment by improving fuel efficiency and through better waste management, not only to reduce fuel costs, but also to improve the life of ship services , as expected that more stringent environmental regulations will be implemented while the ship is in service. Initial targets include reusing wastewater treated for non-drinkable use and disposal of solid waste into the sea. For economic and other reasons, as well as to reduce energy consumption from incineration, some of these measures are not implemented. Queen Mary 2 's environmental performance remains an improvement of many old ships, as well as international standards on waste.
According to Cunard, the vessel exceeds some of the requirements of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL 73/78) of the International Maritime Organization. This discharges waste into the ocean only in an area of ​​more than 12 million (14 miles) from any coast, although MARPOL allows the disposal of processed and treated hulls closer to the coastal wastes. Disposal of potentially harmful substances, in particular the residual oil content of processed air bilge and air emissions, is monitored regularly to ensure compliance with environmental standards. In areas where air pollution from sulfur dioxide, which causes acid rain, is of concern, the vessel switches to low-sulfur fuel to minimize air pollution.
According to the Climate Care carbon compensation company, passenger ships release more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere per passenger mile than long-haul flights. Cunard is trying to reduce the carbon footprint of Queen Mary 2 by improving engine efficiency and reducing friction when the ship is moving. In November 2008, the vessel was reparated in Hamburg, a section involving gastric painting in paints designed to reduce obstacles and improve fuel economy. According to Blohm Voss, his 2016 refill includes the installation of "scrubbers" and exhaust filters to reduce emissions.
References
Note
Bibliography
External links
- Cunard: Queen Mary 2, Official Website
- Location tracking at MarineTraffic
- Queen Mary 2 (QM2) on Chris Cunard Page
- QM2 Video Clip in Newport and Boston
- "Queen Mary 2" --- reviews by Douglas Ward at The Daily Telegraph , London.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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