Depressive realism

depression Archives â€¢ Erik Johnson, Counseling and Mediation

src: www.conflictmediationcoach.com

Depressive Realism is a hypothesis developed by Lauren Alloy and Lyn Yvonne Abramson that depressed individuals make more realistic conclusions than non-depressed individuals. Although depressed individuals are thought to have a negative cognitive bias that results in automated, repetitive, negative thinking, maladaptive behavior, and dysfunctional world beliefs, depressive realism argues not only that this negativity can reflect a more accurate assessment of the world but also that the assessment of depressed individuals is a positive bias. This theory is still highly controversial, as it questions the theory underlying cognitive behavioral therapy, which argues that depressed individuals are negatively biased in their perceptions, with the aim of returning them to a more objective state. While some evidence currently supports reasonable depressive realism, the effect may be limited to certain situations.

Video Depressive realism

Evidence for

When participants are asked to press a button and assess the controls they feel about whether the light is turned on, the depressed individual makes a more accurate rank of control than the non-depressed individual. Among the participants were asked to complete the task and assess their performance without feedback, the depressed individual made a more accurate self-assessment than the non-depressed individual. For participants to be asked to complete a series of tasks, provide feedback on their performance after each task, and who judge for themselves their overall performance after completing all tasks, depressed individuals are once again more likely to provide accurate self-assessment than non-depressed ones. individual. When asked to evaluate their performance both immediately and some time after completing the task, the depressed individual makes an accurate judgment both before and after the time elapsed.

In a functional magnetic resonance imaging study of the brain, depressed patients were shown to be more accurate in their causal attribution of positive and negative social events from non-depressed participants who showed a positive bias. This difference is also reflected in the differential activation of the front-temporal tissues, higher activation for non-self-serving attributions in non-depressed participants and self-serving attributions in depressed patients, and reduces the coupling of the dorsomedial and dorsomedial prefrontal areas of the cortex and limbic areas when depressed patients make self-serving attributions.

Maps Depressive realism

Evidence against

When asked to rate their performance and the performance of others, non-depressed individuals show a positive bias when assessing themselves but are not biased when assessing others. Individuals who are depressed and vice versa do not show bias when assessing themselves but are biased positive when judging others.

When assessing participants' minds in public versus personal settings, the minds of non-depressed individuals are more optimistic in public than personal, while depressed individuals are less optimistic in public.

When asked to rate their performance immediately after the assignment and after some time elapsed, depressed individuals are more accurate when they assess themselves immediately after the task but are more negative after elapsed time while the non-depressed individual is positive immediately after and some time after.

Although depressed individuals make accurate judgments about not having control in situations where they actually lack control, this assessment also leads to situations in which they have control, suggesting that the depression perspective is not more accurate overall.

When learning in real-world settings, depressed individuals are actually less accurate and more confident in their predictions about the future than their non-depressed counterparts. Accuracy of participant attribution may also be more related to their overall attribution style than the presence and severity of their depressive symptoms.

src: i.ytimg.com

Criticism of evidence

Some argue that evidence is no more conclusive because no standard for reality exists, the diagnosis is dubious, and the results may not apply to the real world. Because many studies rely on self-reports of symptoms of depression and self-reported bias are known, the diagnosis of depression in this study may be invalid, necessitating the use of other objective measures. Since most studies use designs that do not necessarily approach real-world phenomena, the external validity of the hypothesis of depressive realism is unclear. There is also concern that the effect of depressive realism is merely a byproduct of the depressed person being in a situation consistent with his negative bias.

perverted chirality : depressive realism

src: www.medium.lu

References

src: www.conflictmediationcoach.com

Depressive realism

Sabtu, 30 Juni 2018