An distracting mind is the unwanted inevitable thought, images, or unpleasant ideas that may become obsessive, obnoxious or sad, and may find it difficult to manage or eliminate. When such thoughts are associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), depression, body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), and sometimes attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the mind may become paralyzing, anxious, or persistent. Disturbing thoughts can also be attributed to the episodic memory, worries or unwanted memories of OCD, post traumatic stress disorder, other anxiety disorders, eating disorders, or psychosis. Disturbing thoughts, urges, and images are things that are inappropriate at inappropriate times, and generally have an aggressive, sexual, or blasphemous theme.
Video Intrusive thought
Description
General
Many people experience a kind of bad or unwanted mind that people with annoying annoying thoughts, but most people can ignore this thought. For most people, a disturbing thought is a "fleeting glitch". Psychologist Stanley Rachman presented questionnaires to healthy college students and found that almost all say they have this thinking over time, including thoughts of sexual violence, sexual punishment, "unnatural" sexual acts, painful sexual practices, blasphemous or obscene, the thought of injuring an elderly person or someone close to them, violence against animals or against children, and impulsive or abusive blasts or speeches. Such bad thoughts are universal among humans, and having "almost always always be part of the human condition".
When disturbing thoughts occur with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), patients are less able to ignore unpleasant thoughts and may pay undue attention to them, causing the mind to become more frequent and sad. Thoughts can be crippling, heavy, and persistent obsessions, and can range from violent or sexual thoughts to religious defamation. Distinguishing them from the normal intrusive thoughts experienced by many, the intrusive thoughts associated with OCD can create anxiety, irrevocability and persistence.
How people react to disturbing thoughts can determine whether these thoughts will become severe, turn into obsessions, or require care. Disturbing thoughts can occur with or without compulsion. Compulsions reduce anxiety, but make the impulse to do the compulsions stronger each time relapse, reinforcing disturbing thoughts. According to Lee Baer, ​​pressuring the mind only makes them stronger, and recognizes that bad thoughts do not signify that the really bad ones are one step to overcome them. There is evidence of acceptance benefits as an alternative to suppressing disturbing thoughts. A study showed that those who were instructed to suppress the intrusive mind experienced more stress after emphasis, while patients who were instructed to accept bad thoughts experienced less discomfort. These results may be related to the underlying cognitive processes involved in OCD. However, accepting the mind can be more difficult for people with OCD. In the 19th century, OCD was known as a "dubious disease"; The "pathological doubts" that accompany OCD can make it more difficult for a person with OCD to distinguish between the "normal" disturbing "normal" thoughts that most people experience, causing them to "suffer in silence, feel too ashamed or worried that they will be perceived crazy ".
The likelihood that most patients who suffer from a disturbing mind will act on that thought is low. Patients who experience guilt, anxiety, embarrassment, and resentment because this thinking is different from those who actually act on it. The history of violent crime is dominated by those who do not feel guilty or contrite; the fact that a person is tortured by a disturbing thought and never acting on them before is a very good predictor that they will not act on the mind. Patients who are not bothered or embarrassed by their thoughts, do not consider them to be disliked, or who actually take action, may need to have more serious conditions such as psychosis or potential criminal behavior that is ruled out. According to Lee Baer, ​​a patient must worry that disturbing thoughts are dangerous if the person is not upset with his or her mind, or rather finds it pleasurable; never acted on violence or sexual thoughts or urges; hear voices or see things that others do not see; or feeling uncontrollably out of control.
Aggressive Thoughts
An intrusive mind may involve a violent obsession about hurting others or themselves. They can be associated with obsessive obsessive obsessive disorders. These thoughts can include hurting children; jumping from a bridge, a mountain, or a tall building; urged to jump in front of a train or car; and urged to push others in front of a train or car. Rachman's survey of healthy college students found that almost all of them had troubling thoughts over time, including:
- causes harm to parents
- imagining or hoping to harm someone close to himself
- the urge to attack, beat, harm, or kill a person, child or animal by force
- the urge to scream or abuse someone, or to attack and punish someone cruelly, or to say something abusive, inappropriate, nasty, or abusive to someone.
These thoughts are part of man, and need not impair the quality of life. Treatment is available when the mind is associated with OCD and becomes persistent, severe, or depressing.
Various aggressive intrusive thoughts are L'appel du vide , or void call . Patients with L'appel du vide generally describe the condition as a manifestation in certain situations, usually as a short desire or desire to jump from a high location.
Sexual thoughts
Sexual obsession involves disturbing thoughts or images of "kissing, touching, fondling, oral sex, anal sex, sexual intercourse, and rape" with "strangers, acquaintances, parents, children, family members, friends, co-workers, animals and religious leaders ", involving" heterosexual or homosexual content "with people of all ages.
Like any unwanted intrusive thoughts or images, everyone sometimes has some inappropriate sexual thoughts, but people with OCD can attach significance to unwanted sexual thoughts, causing anxiety and distress. The doubt that accompanies OCD leads to uncertainty as to whether a person can act upon a disturbing thought, which results in self-criticism or hatred.
One of the more common sexual intrusive thoughts occurs when an obsessive person doubts his or her sexual identity. As in the case of most sexual obsessions, sufferers may feel embarrassed and live in isolation, finding it difficult to discuss their fears, doubts, and concerns about their sexual identity.
A person experiencing intrusive sexual thoughts may feel embarrassed, "ashamed, guilty, distressed, tortured, afraid of acting upon a thought or perceived impulse, and doubts about whether they have acted in such a way." Depression can be caused by self-loathing that can happen, depending on how much OCD interferes with daily functioning or causes distress. Their attention to these thoughts can cause them to examine their bodies to determine whether the mind produces a feeling of arousal. However, focusing on any part of the body can produce feelings in that part of the body, so doing so can lower confidence and increase fear to act as you wish. Part of an annoying sexual thought treatment involves therapy to help sufferers receive distracting thoughts and stop trying to convince themselves by examining their bodies. Stimulation in this part of the body is caused by the conditioned physiological response in the brain, which does not respond to the subject of the mind that interfere with sexuality but rather to the fact that the sexual mind occurs at all and thus involves an automatic response. This means that the passionate response does not necessarily indicate that the person wants what they think. However, the rational process of thinking attempts to explain this reaction and the OCD causes people to attribute wrong meaning and importance to this physiological reaction in an attempt to understand it.
Religious thinking
Blasphemous thoughts are a common component of OCD, documented throughout history; prominent religious leaders such as Martin Luther and Ignatius of Loyola are known to be tortured by intrusive, blasphemous or religious thought and encouragement. Martin Luther urged to curse God and Jesus, and to be obsessed with the image of "Satan behind." St. Ignatius has many obsessions, including the fear of stepping on the straw pieces that make up the cross, fearing that it shows immodesty to Christ. A study of 50 patients with a major diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder found that 40% had higher-than-statist thoughts and religious habits and blasphemies, but did not differ significantly statistically compared to 38% who had obsessive thoughts associated with dirt and contamination. more often associated with OCD. One study showed that the intrusive content of thoughts may vary depending on culture, and that blasphemous thoughts may be more common in men than in women.
According to Fred Penzel, a New York psychologist, some common religious obsessions and disturbing thoughts are:
- sexual thoughts about God, saints, and religious leaders
- bad thoughts or images during prayer or meditation
- thoughts are possessed
- fear of sin or violation of religious law or performing wrong rituals
- fear to ignore the prayer or pronounce it wrongly
- recurring and disturbing blasphemous thoughts
- urges or impulses to speak blasphemy words or perform blasphemous acts during worship.
Suffering can get bigger and cures become complicated when disturbing thoughts involve religious implications; patients may believe that the mind is inspired by Satan, and may fear God's punishment or glorify shame because they consider themselves sinful. Symptoms can be more distressing for the sufferer with religious beliefs or strong beliefs.
Baer believes that blasphemous thinking is more common in Catholic and evangelical Protestants than in other religions, whereas Muslims tend to abide by the laws and rituals of their faith, and perform rituals perfectly. He hypothesizes that this is because what is considered inappropriate to vary between cultures and religions, and disturbing thoughts torment the sufferer with whatever is deemed most inappropriate in the surrounding culture.
Maps Intrusive thought
Related conditions
Disturbing thoughts are associated with OCD or obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, but can also occur with other conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder, clinical depression, postpartum depression, and anxiety. One of these conditions is almost always present in people whose mind is interfering with clinical severity. A large study published in 2005 found that aggressive, sexual, and religious obsessions were broadly associated with comorbid anxiety disorders and depression. The intrusive thought that occurs in the episodes of schizophrenia differs from the thought of obsessions that occur with OCD or depression because schizophrenic intrusive thinking is a false or delusional belief (ie held by individual schizophrenia to be real and undoubtedly, as is usually the case with disturbing thoughts).
Post-traumatic stress disorder
The main difference between OCD and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is that the intrusive minds of people with PTSD are traumatic events that actually occur to them, whereas OCD sufferers have thoughts of disaster. PTSD patients with intrusive minds must sort out violent, sexual, or blasphemous thoughts from memories of traumatic experiences. When patients with troubling thoughts do not respond to treatment, doctors may suspect past physical, emotional, or sexual abuse.
Depression
Clinically depressed people may experience more disturbing intense thoughts, and regard them as proof that they are unworthy or sinful. The common suicidal thoughts of depression must be distinguished from disturbing thoughts, because suicidal thoughts - unlike harmful sexual, aggressive, or religious thoughts - can be dangerous.
Postpartum depression and OCD
The unwanted thoughts of the mother about hurting the baby are common in postpartum depression. A 1999 study of 65 women with major postpartum depression by Katherine Wisner et al. finds the most common aggressive thinking for women with postpartum depression that causes damage to their newborns. A study of 85 new parents found that 89% had disturbing images, for example, babies suffocated, crashed, harmed, or kidnapped.
Some women may experience symptoms of OCD during pregnancy or the postpartum period. Postpartum OCD occurs mainly in women who may already have OCD, possibly in mild or undiagnosed forms. Postpartum depression and OCD may be comorbid (often common). And although doctors may be more focused on depressive symptoms, one study found that obsessive thoughts accompany postpartum depression in 57% of new mothers.
Wisner finds a common obsession about hurting babies in mothers with postpartum depression including images of babies lying dead in coffins or being eaten by sharks; piercing the baby; throwing baby down stairs; or drowning or burning a baby (such as by soaking it in a bathtub in a former case or throwing it into a fire or putting it in a microwave). Baer estimates that up to 200,000 new mothers with postpartum depression each year can develop obsessive thoughts about their babies; and since they may be reluctant to share these thoughts with their doctors or family members, or suffer in their silence and fear of "crazy", their depression may worsen.
Intrusive fears to harm children who can soon last longer than the postpartum period. A study of 100 clinically depressed women found that 41% had an obsessive fear that they could harm their child, and some feared to care for their children. Among non-depressed mothers, the study found 7% had thoughts of hurting their children - a rate that produces 280,000 non-depressed mothers in the United States with troubling thoughts about hurting their children.
Treatment
Treatment for intrusive thoughts is similar to treatment for OCD. Response prevention and prevention therapy - also referred to as habituation or desensitization - is useful for treating disturbing thoughts. Mild cases can also be treated with cognitive behavioral therapy, which helps patients identify and manage unwanted thoughts.
Exposure therapy
Exposure therapy is the treatment of choice for disturbing thoughts. According to Deborah Osgood-Hynes, Psy.D. Director of Psychological Services and Training at the OCD Institute MGH/McLean, "To reduce fear, you have to face fear, this is true for all kinds of anxiety and fear reactions, not just OCD." Uncomfortable experiencing bad thoughts and urges, shame, doubt or fear, the initial reaction is usually to do something to reduce feelings. By engaging in rituals or necessity to reduce anxiety or bad feelings, action is strengthened through a process called negative reinforcement - the learned mind that the way to avoid feelings is to engage in ritual or compulsion. When OCD becomes severe, it causes more disturbance in life and the continuing frequency and severity of the person's mind sought to be avoided.
Exposure therapy (or exposure and prevention of responses) is a practice to remain in an anxiety-fearing or feared situation until anxiety or dullness diminishes. The goal is to reduce the fear reaction, learn not to react to bad thoughts. This is the most effective way to reduce the disturbing frequency and severity of the mind. The goal is to be able to "expose yourself to the thing that most triggers your fear or discomfort for one to two hours at a time, without leaving the situation, or doing anything else to distract or entertain you." The exposure therapy will not completely eliminate the disturbing thoughts - everyone has bad thoughts - but most patients find that it can reduce their minds considerably so disturbing thoughts no longer interfere with their lives.
Cognitive behavioral therapy
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a newer therapy than exposure therapy, available to those who are unable or unwilling to undergo exposure therapy. Cognitive therapy has proven useful in reducing disturbing thoughts, but developing the conceptualization of obsessions and compulsions with patients is important.
Drugs
Antidepressants or antipsychotic medications may be used for more severe cases if disturbing thoughts do not respond to cognitive behavioral therapy or exposure alone. Whether the cause of disturbing thoughts is OCD, depression, or post-traumatic stress disorder, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) drug (antidepressant class) is the most commonly prescribed. Disturbing thoughts can occur in people with Tourette (TS) syndrome who also suffer from OCD; an obsession in OCD-related TS is considered to respond to SSRI drugs as well.
Antidepressants that have been shown to be effective in treating OCD include fluvoxamine (trade name Luvox), fluoxetine (Prozac), sertraline (Zoloft), paroxetine (Paxil), citalopram (Celexa), and clomipramine (Anafranil). Although SSRIs are known to be effective for OCD in general, there are fewer studies of their effectiveness for distracting thoughts. A retrospective chart review of patients with sexual symptoms treated with SSRIs showed the greatest improvement was in those with typical OSS intrusive sexual obsessions. A study of ten patients with religious or blasphemous obsessions found that most patients responded to treatment with fluoxetine or clomipramine. Women with postpartum depression often have anxiety as well, and may require a lower initial dose of SSRIs; they may not respond fully to the drug, and may benefit from the addition of cognitive behavioral therapy or response therapy.
Patients with intense intrusive thoughts who do not respond to SSRIs or other antidepressants may be prescribed typical and atypical neuroleptics including risperidone (trade name Risperdal), ziprasidone (Geodon), haloperidol (Haldol), and pimozide (Orap).
Studies show that inositol therapeutic doses may be useful in obsessive mind care.
Epidemiology
A 2007 study found that 78% of clinical samples of OCD patients had disturbing images. Most people with mental disorders do not identify themselves with OCD, as they may not have what they believe to be classic OCD symptoms, such as washing hands. However, epidemiological studies suggest that disturbing thoughts are the most common type of OCD worldwide; if people in the United States with intrusive thoughts gather, they will form the fourth largest city in the US, following New York City, Los Angeles, and Chicago.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments